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Showing posts with label grammar. Show all posts
Showing posts with label grammar. Show all posts
Wednesday, 21 October 2026
Tuesday, 20 October 2026
Can, could, may
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Sunday, 18 October 2026
El mapa del inglés
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Wednesday, 7 October 2026
23 easy English phrasal verbs for beginners
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Monday, 19 September 2022
Saturday, 10 March 2018
The Future Perfect
Original website
Callum
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute Grammar with me, Callum.
Finn
And me, Finn.
Callum
Today’s programme is all about the future perfect verb form.
Finn
Yes, by the end of this programme, you will have learnt how and when to use this form.
Callum
So there was our first example: you will have learnt...
Finn
You’ll hear lots more examples in the programme…
Callum
And we’ll have a quiz. Now, we usually use the future perfect to talk about an event that we predict or expect to happen or finish before a particular time in the future. Listen to this example from Feifei.
Feifei
By the time Christine arrives, we’ll have had dinner.
Callum
So we’ll have had, that’s we will have had - in the future perfect tells us that we will finish dinner before Christine gets back. We might be having dinner right up to just before she returns or we might finish it an hour before …
Finn
… but in any case, we will finish before she arrives.
Callum
We are using the future perfect to make a prediction about the future. Here are some more examples.
Feifei
This time next year, I will have finished my course.
Sales will have increased by 20 per cent by next January.
By 2020 the city’s population will have doubled.
Finn
Now we usually use a time phrase with the future perfect, often with by or in. Let’s hear examples with by again:
Feifei
Sales will have increased by 20 per cent by next January.
By 2020 the city’s population will have doubled.
Finn
And here are some more examples with a by time phrase.
Feifei
By the summer I’ll have finished all my exams.
We’ll have moved house by Christmas.
Callum
So we had by next January, by 2020, by the summer and by Christmas. We can also say by the winter… by the end of the week…
Finn
…by next month or next year… by this time next week…
Callum
In fact you can pretty well use by… with any future date, month, season or special day.
Finn
Very special day. Another time expression with by we can use with the future perfect is by the time that…plus a subject and verb. Listen to the example we had earlier, and check out the tense.
Feifei
By the time Christine arrives, we’ll have had dinner.
Callum
It’s the present simple - arrives.
Callum
When we use in for a time phrase with the future perfect, we can use it with a day, a month, a date, a time period. Here are some examples.
Feifei
In fifty years' time, sea levels will have risen by several centimetres.
In June I’ll have been unemployed for five months.
In 2050, I believe robots will have replaced sales assistants in shops.
Finn
As well as for future plans and predictions, we can also use the future perfect to talk about what we believe or imagine has or hasn’t happened at the moment of speaking…
Callum
…or in other words, to make educated guesses in the present about the past. Here are some examples.
Feifei
There’s no point in calling Judy. She’ll have left by now.
Let’s hurry! The film won’t have started yet.
If he’s on schedule, Tom will have arrived in Bangkok yesterday.
Callum
So we assume that Judy has already left….
Finn
And the film hasn’t started...
Callum
And Tom has arrived in Bangkok.
Finn
Now, to form the future perfect we use subject plus will or won’t plus have and the past participle of the main verb.
Feifei
By the summer I’ll have finished all my exams.
The film won’t have started yet.
Finn
Notice that we usually use short forms, so it’s I’ll, he’ll, they’ll and so on; and will not becomes won’t.
Callum
For questions, it’s will or won’t plus subject plus have plus the past participle.
Feifei
Will you have finished reading all the reports by this afternoon?
IDENT
6 Minute Grammar from BBC Learning English.
Finn
We're talking about the future perfect verb form.
Callum
So, to recap, we use the future perfect to predict events that will have happened before a particular time in the future…
Finn
…and to make educated guesses about things happening around now and even in the past.
Callum
And we usually use short forms.
Finn
So, it’s time for our quiz. Which is correct?
Number one.
a) By 2060, scientists will have found a cure for cancer.
b) By 2060, scientists will found a cure for cancer.
Callum
It’s a) By 2060, scientists will have found a cure for cancer.
Finn
I hope so, now
Number 2.
a) Jackie won’t have woken up yet. It’s too early.
b) Jackie won’t have wake up yet. It’s too early.
Callum
It’s a) Jackie won’t have woken up yet. It’s too early.
Finn
Finally,
Number three.
a) Will have you done all your work by two?
b) Will you have done all your work by two?
Callum
And the answer is b) Will you have done all your work by two?
Finn
That’s correct and it’s the end of the show. There's lots more about this on our website at bbclearningenglish.com. Join us again for more 6 Minute Grammar soon.
Both
Bye.
Callum
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute Grammar with me, Callum.
Finn
And me, Finn.
Callum
Today’s programme is all about the future perfect verb form.
Finn
Yes, by the end of this programme, you will have learnt how and when to use this form.
Callum
So there was our first example: you will have learnt...
Finn
You’ll hear lots more examples in the programme…
Callum
And we’ll have a quiz. Now, we usually use the future perfect to talk about an event that we predict or expect to happen or finish before a particular time in the future. Listen to this example from Feifei.
Feifei
By the time Christine arrives, we’ll have had dinner.
Callum
So we’ll have had, that’s we will have had - in the future perfect tells us that we will finish dinner before Christine gets back. We might be having dinner right up to just before she returns or we might finish it an hour before …
Finn
… but in any case, we will finish before she arrives.
Callum
We are using the future perfect to make a prediction about the future. Here are some more examples.
Feifei
This time next year, I will have finished my course.
Sales will have increased by 20 per cent by next January.
By 2020 the city’s population will have doubled.
Finn
Now we usually use a time phrase with the future perfect, often with by or in. Let’s hear examples with by again:
Feifei
Sales will have increased by 20 per cent by next January.
By 2020 the city’s population will have doubled.
Finn
And here are some more examples with a by time phrase.
Feifei
By the summer I’ll have finished all my exams.
We’ll have moved house by Christmas.
Callum
So we had by next January, by 2020, by the summer and by Christmas. We can also say by the winter… by the end of the week…
Finn
…by next month or next year… by this time next week…
Callum
In fact you can pretty well use by… with any future date, month, season or special day.
Finn
Very special day. Another time expression with by we can use with the future perfect is by the time that…plus a subject and verb. Listen to the example we had earlier, and check out the tense.
Feifei
By the time Christine arrives, we’ll have had dinner.
Callum
It’s the present simple - arrives.
Callum
When we use in for a time phrase with the future perfect, we can use it with a day, a month, a date, a time period. Here are some examples.
Feifei
In fifty years' time, sea levels will have risen by several centimetres.
In June I’ll have been unemployed for five months.
In 2050, I believe robots will have replaced sales assistants in shops.
Finn
As well as for future plans and predictions, we can also use the future perfect to talk about what we believe or imagine has or hasn’t happened at the moment of speaking…
Callum
…or in other words, to make educated guesses in the present about the past. Here are some examples.
Feifei
There’s no point in calling Judy. She’ll have left by now.
Let’s hurry! The film won’t have started yet.
If he’s on schedule, Tom will have arrived in Bangkok yesterday.
Callum
So we assume that Judy has already left….
Finn
And the film hasn’t started...
Callum
And Tom has arrived in Bangkok.
Finn
Now, to form the future perfect we use subject plus will or won’t plus have and the past participle of the main verb.
Feifei
By the summer I’ll have finished all my exams.
The film won’t have started yet.
Finn
Notice that we usually use short forms, so it’s I’ll, he’ll, they’ll and so on; and will not becomes won’t.
Callum
For questions, it’s will or won’t plus subject plus have plus the past participle.
Feifei
Will you have finished reading all the reports by this afternoon?
IDENT
6 Minute Grammar from BBC Learning English.
Finn
We're talking about the future perfect verb form.
Callum
So, to recap, we use the future perfect to predict events that will have happened before a particular time in the future…
Finn
…and to make educated guesses about things happening around now and even in the past.
Callum
And we usually use short forms.
Finn
So, it’s time for our quiz. Which is correct?
Number one.
a) By 2060, scientists will have found a cure for cancer.
b) By 2060, scientists will found a cure for cancer.
Callum
It’s a) By 2060, scientists will have found a cure for cancer.
Finn
I hope so, now
Number 2.
a) Jackie won’t have woken up yet. It’s too early.
b) Jackie won’t have wake up yet. It’s too early.
Callum
It’s a) Jackie won’t have woken up yet. It’s too early.
Finn
Finally,
Number three.
a) Will have you done all your work by two?
b) Will you have done all your work by two?
Callum
And the answer is b) Will you have done all your work by two?
Finn
That’s correct and it’s the end of the show. There's lots more about this on our website at bbclearningenglish.com. Join us again for more 6 Minute Grammar soon.
Both
Bye.
Monday, 5 March 2018
Past simple and past continuous
Rob
Hello. Welcome to 6 Minute Grammar with me, Rob.
Emma
And me, Emma. Hello.
Rob
In today's programme we're talking about the past simple and the past continuous tenses…
Emma
Yes, we'll look at when we use each tense...
Rob
We'll show you how to form the positive, negative and question forms of each one…
Emma
And as usual, we'll finish with a quiz.
Rob
And first, here's a quick reminder of the past simple. Hello Finn.
Finn
Hello Rob.
Rob
Could you give us an example please?
Finn
Last night I saw the film 'Titanic'.
Rob
Ooh Titanic, what a movie! Finn saw it last night. So, we use the past simple for completed actions in the past.
Emma
And we had the past simple of the verb see, which is the irregular form saw.
Rob
And as we know, you just have to learn the irregular verbs.
Emma
But the good news is that lots of verbs are regular, and to make them into the past simple, you just add e and d to the infinitive, like this:
Finn
Hundreds of passengers jumped into the sea.
Rob
Jump - jumped. Simple. To make past simple negatives, we add didn't to the infinitive, like this:
Finn
Sandra Bullock didn't win an Oscar for Gravity.
Rob
Now let's look at past simple questions. Emma, did you see the news last night?
Emma
Yes, I did.
Rob
So, for the question, it's: did plus the subject plus the infinitive.
Emma
And the short answers are: Yes plus subject plus did: Yes, I did.
Rob
Or: No plus subject plus didn't: No, I didn't.
Emma
So that's the past simple for completed actions in the past.
Rob
Now, to talk about past activities, we can use the past continuous. Here's an example:
Finn
I was watching a movie on TV. It was raining. We were feeling very bored.
Emma
Now, we can use the past continuous to talk about an activity that was already happening when something else happened, like this:
Finn
Dad was cooking dinner when the police arrived. The children were watching TV when the officers came into the living room.
Rob
Ooh the police! Very dramatic! Yes, think about one activity interrupting the other - the activity that was already happening is in the past continuous - Dad was cooking dinner...
Emma
And the activity that interrupted it is in the past simple: the police arrived.
Rob
So you can put the past simple and continuous together to talk about activities and actions that happened one on top of another.
Emma
Remember those examples everyone - I'm going to test you later!
Rob
OK. To make the past continuous, it's was or were plus an i-n-g verb.
Finn
Dad was cooking dinner. The children were watching TV.
Rob
Now to make the negative past continuous, you just put wasn't or weren't in front of the -ing verb, like this:
Finn
The baby wasn't sleeping. The children weren't playing games.
Rob
Wasn't sleeping and weren't playing. Wasn't and weren't are short forms of was not and were not.
Emma
Now for past continuous questions, it's was or were, with the subject plus an i-n-g verb. And I'm going to demonstrate this by testing you on the examples we had before. Rob, was Mum cooking dinner?
Rob
No, she wasn't: Dad was cooking dinner.
Emma
That's correct: well done. Were the children playing games?
Rob
No, they weren't.
Emma
Correct, well done again!
Rob
For past continuous short answers it's: Yes plus subject plus was, or: No plus subject plus wasn't.
IDENT
You're listening to BBC Learning English dot com.
Emma
Right, time for a quiz. I'm going to say a sentence and you have to choose the right verb form to go in the gap. Ready? OK.
Number 1.
When the phone rang, we ____ a film. Is it
a) watched or
b) were watching?
When the phone rang, we ____ a film.
Rob
It's b) When the phone rang, we were watching a film.
Emma
Good, number 2.
Cate Blanchett _____ an Oscar for Best Actress. Is it
a) was winning or
b) won?
Cate Blanchett _____ an Oscar for Best Actress.
Rob
It's b) Cate Blanchett won an Oscar for Best Actress.
Emma
And here's the final question. Ready?
When the police _____, Dad was cooking dinner. Is it
a) arrived
b) were arriving?
When the police _____, Dad was cooking dinner.
Rob
When the police arrived, Dad was cooking dinner.
Good old dad. Still cooking that dinner. What a hero!
Emma
So, well done if you got those right. And don't forget there's lots more about tenses on our website at http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/. Join us again for more 6 Minute Grammar.
Both
Bye!
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